Pan American World Airways, Inc :: Economy Economics Economical Papers Research

Pan American World Airways, Inc Pan American World Airways, Inc ("Pan Am") is a New York corporation organized in 1927 which is engaged in commercial air transportation which it pioneered between the United States and most areas of the world. Pan Am Corporation ("the Corporation"), a Delaware corporation, is and since September 14, 1984 has been the parent of Pan Am, it's principal subsidiary. For the past few years Pan Am's financial condition has been very poor. The company reported a consolidated net loss for 1986 of $469.3 million. The 1988 net loss included a gain of $89.1 million resulting from the sale of Pan Am's Airbus A320 aircraft and delivery positions. This gain was partially offsetted by a reserve of $25.7 million related to the loss on sale of Pan Am's subsidiary, which is responsible for the marketing of excess inventory, and 18 million of year-end adjustments. Pan Am's passenger traffic was strong in 1988. An increase of 12.2 percent on capacity of 11.2 percent. This was due to the result of strengthening of various European currencies against the U.S. dollar, fare increases in the market, enhanced management systems and procedures, as well as programs to reduce the dependence on wholesale ticket distributions throughout the Atlantic, Latin America, Domestic, and systemwide. Eventhough revenue was strong in 1988, labor and other costs increased at a higher rate as a consequence of efforts to improve service and effectiveness of the operation. Labor costs were higher in 1988 due to the result of an increase in the number of employees during the year. Also the addition of increased fuel prices, commissions, purchased services, aircraft rentals, and a $24.0 million foreign exchange loss had a negative impact on the corporation. 1987 expenses were effected by increases in expenses for fuel, commissions, maintenance materials and other operating costs which exceeded expectations. Labor cost reductions were not achieved in 1987. Other losses which occurred was the settlement of an $18 million provision for the proposed settlement of an age discrimination suit, and as well as $42.0 million for increased allowances for inventory obsolescence, uncollected receivables and costs associated with the WorldPass frequent flyer program. COMPANY BACKGROUND Pan Am lead by it's founder Juan Trippe, virtually single- handedly opened up the world to commercial flight. Teeming with adventure, international intrigue, and financial manipulations, this sky-struck young man with immense ambition and vision took a seaplane carrying mail 90 miles from Key West to Havana and expanded the operation into the vast world-wide

Evolution Vs Creation :: essays research papers

Creation vs. Evolution Is Evolution Biologically Impossible? How creationists justify their position against the evolutionary process, and how evolutionists answer them. The Overwhelming Odds against Spontaneous Generation Perhaps the most common scientific argument against the evolutionary theory used by creationists is the mathematical impossibility for the occurrence of successful changes in the DNA that actually results in a development of a new or modified species. What are the chances of evolving the DNA molecule - crucial to all life - by natural processes? Without an outside controlling designer of some kind, it is virtually impossible. Creationists argue that the complexity of a cell is extremely sophisticated and that the new and detailed understanding of the DNA molecules has revealed enormous problems for evolutionists belief in materialism. Creationists argue that in function, DNA is somewhat like a computer program on floppy disk. That it stores and transfers encoded information and instructions. They refer to publications saying that the DNA of a human stores enough information code to fill 1,000 books – each with 500 pages of very small closely printed type. Creationists compare the DNA code with computers, they say that DNA produces a product far more sophisticated than that of any computer. This enormous set of instructions fits within a single cell and routinely directs the formation of entire adult humans, starting with just a single fertilized egg. Even the DNA of a bacterium is highly complex, containing at least 3 million units that all are aligned in a very precise, meaningful sequence. DNA is described as a miniaturized marvel and with information so compactly stored that the amount of DNA necessary to code all the people living on our planet might fit into a space no larger than an aspirin tablet. Creation scientists are convinced that cells containing such a complex code and such intricate chemistry could never have come into being by pure, undirected chemistry. They claim that no matter how chemicals are mixed, they do not create DNA spirals or any intelligent code whatsoever. Only DNA reproduces DNA. Creationist also refers to scientists who calculated the odds of life forming by natural processes. Some estimated that there is less than 1 chance in 1040,000 that life could have originated by random trials. 10 to the 40.000th is a 1 with 40.000 zeros after it! However, here I found many different calculations published. Some said the chance was 10 to the 4.

Market Segment

What is the market segments targeted? Market segment targeted that the company create the different marketing campaign that will satisfy to the different customer’s need. Therefore, business should be flexible with their service or product for keeping changing their product to match with the customer’s need. So the market segmentation will be able to build the loyalty relationship that will motivate the customer to buy the product or service again. According to the video case, Marriott Corporation International offers the program called â€Å"Marriott First Choice†.This program will create the service program that match with different customer’s need with the best quality and value value. For example, the business traveler can choose to stay any hotels in Marriott brand . Moreover, the program provides the special offer to the business traveler to change and negotiate some hotel service to satisfy the customer. 2. What marketing research was used? Marketin g research was studied to understand the customer’s need to create the best product or service.According to the video, the marketing research of Marriott will able to match with the Dow chemical’s need which are about focus group, quantitative survey, hotel spending analysis and hotel directory analysis. The marketing research customizes the service program of Marriott. This program can help the seller to find the right program or marketing campaign. This program satisfy the need of business traveler especially the specially service of Marriott to provide for Dow chemical’s employee which are evaluate the result of marketing research. . What product line development initiatives were launched? According to the video case, Marriott developed four-product line that was able to fit into the different business traveler’s need.â€Å"Marriott Quality Hotel† has launched the brand to target the business travelers who consider about the quality of service. The hotel will provide the high quality of service and use the new technology. â€Å"Courtyard† brand has launched to business travelers target who willing to pay moderate market price for their hotel or a price sensitive. Courtyard† product line will have business rooms that provide to the business people for business travelers. The facilities in the room will create the business environment. â€Å"Resident Inn† brand has launched to target the business travelers who really stay in the hotel for many nights.â€Å"Resident Inn† product line will offer many services to satisfy the customer. Finally, â€Å"Fairfield† brand has launched to target the business travelers who don’t really focus on the luxury brand or service but they are willing to stay in the clean hotel and convenience for them. Fairfield† product line also will provide the fast service to customer in the lower price. 4. What role did personal selling play in the go-to-mark et strategy? Personal selling is the important role in the go-to-market strategy because they promote the product or service. Personal selling also creates the long-term relationship between the buyer and seller. Moreover, the company also uses the personal selling to complete with the competitor as the competitive advantage. Moreover, the personal selling should understand the customer’s need and provide the good customer satisfaction.

Biomolecules

In order for students to receive a better understanding on bimolecular, Mr.. Wilkinson had them conduct a lab on Friday in class. During the lab, students ere asked to mix together chemicals with elephant urine and document any Chant gees In the solutions. Depending on each alteration, students were asked to observe and decide whether or not there were any macromolecules in the substances. During our observation, many of the results came back altered in some form, meaning that macromolecules were present in the chemical.We automatically knew this when the liquids dropped on the paper bag became translucent within a few minutes, since the fats in the substance are what ma eke it see through. This came as a concern because the tests suggested that the tangent's body is not functioning as it should. When people are sick, nutrients, macromolecules obtained through the food we eat, might pass through the b odd without being absorbed and end up being eliminated in our urine.In our Patti ne t's case, lots of macromolecules were found in their urine, indicating a possible problem, and it was agreed that further testing should be done. This lab turned out to be very interesting and even proved to be quite educational. In this lab, learned the differences between negative and positive controls, and why they were significant in an experiment. Although some sets sacks

New Orleans Jazz Bands Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New Orleans Jazz Bands - Research Paper Example Secret societies ascribed to the Yoruba and Dahomean people assured fellow tribesmen of a proper burial being performed following one’s death. In order to oversee the accomplishment of this guarantee, resources were pooled in order to ensure the formation of what was generally labeled an early insurance form (Hersch, 32). When slaves were shipped to America, the notion of affording proper burials to fellow sisters or brothers remained strong. With the passing of time, the same concepts that had deep roots in African ideology evolved into one of the basic principles that formed the social as well as pleasure clubs in New Orleans. In a similar way that numerous fraternal orders did, this social club guaranteed proper conditions of burial to any member who eventually passed. These organizations emerged as precursors to companies dealing with debit insurance and burial insurance as a concept (Jacobsen, 55). In New Orleans, they talk of an individual ‘being sent off with musi c’. The Jazz funeral is New Orleans’s fundamental music experience. It is imperative that an individual be buried properly to ensure that their souls are at peace. The African protocols that marked a proper burial in New Orleans encountered those of Europe. Dancing during funerals was not only a guarantee in Africa, but also an old Spanish tradition that hailed from African heritage. The South embodied an African burial tradition that usually took place at night. Meanwhile, New Orleans’s Catholic City, held processional funerals that were led by the church, dating back as far as the Spanish era (Jacobsen 59). The beginning of the nineteenth century saw band instruments beginning to play during funerals for back people in New Orleans. By the end of the century, the funerals were held for uptown Protestants of Anglo-American descent and Catholic Creoles alike. Many of the former embodied what New Orleans refers to as a ‘spiritual church’, renowned for its music traditions that are quite powerful. Brass bands had grown to great popularity in New Orleans and the rest of the country. Jazz had its roots nourished in the African-American community to a great extent, but grew into a broader phenomenon drawing from numerous ethnic groups and communities in New Orleans. A collaborative relationship that was special developed New Orleans’s brass bands and societies for mutual aid and benevolence. Societies for Mutual Aid and Benevolence were common in New Orleans among numerous groups during the nineteenth century (Hersc, 47).Following the Civil War, these organizations took on adopted a special meaning for the emancipated African Americans with limited economic resources. These societies served the purpose of helping the sick and burying the dead. These were important functions, seeing as there was a general prohibition barring blacks from securing health insurance and commercial health services. Whereas numerous organizations in New Orleans utilized brass bands in concerts, parades, funerals, and political rallies, the African-American societies for mutual aid and benevolence took on a distinctive expressive approach to parades and funeral processions-something which goes on at present. During their events, celebrants in the community would join the exuberant processions of dance. The phenomena that characterized the community participating in parades came to be known as ‘

Impact Of Anthropogenic Climate Change On Environment Essay

Impact Of Anthropogenic Climate Change On Environment - Essay Example Both proponents and opponents of man-made causes of climate change appreciate the warming effect of greenhouse gases (68). These gases include methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide. Carnegie Mellon University further observes that greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have increased by between 10% and 30% from the start of the industrial revolution. These gases allow the sunlight into the Earth’s atmosphere and then trap a significant portion of this radiation, preventing the reflection of sun’s radiation back into space. This leads to a warming effect on the Earth thus the contribution of human activities to global warming. Secondly, scientists have been able to identify carbon-dioxide from human activities as the largest contributor to greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thus attributing global warming to human activities. According to these scientists, the pre-industrialization period had the atmosphere contain only 280 parts per million of carbon dioxide. By 2010, this had increased to 390 parts per million. This additional 100 parts per million of carbon dioxide is what is attributed to human activities (Poortinga et al. 1017). To show that this extra carbon dioxide is from human activities, scientists use the fingerprinting technique. From this, it has been noted that natural carbon dioxide has some low portion of carbon-14. The lack of this carbon-14 isotope in the additional 100 parts per million of carbon dioxide attributes its source to human activities as opposed to natural factors. Finally, the proponents of man-made climate change give evidence against natural causes. This school of thought argues that if the current climate was following the natural trend, then, the Earth should have been cooling and not warming.

'Henry Ford's $5 workday' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

'Henry Ford's $5 workday' - Essay Example When employees are contented, they would tend to put in more effort in their work, producing quality in a sustainable manner. This also positioned the company strategically to outwit competition by increasing production at cheaper price owing to economies of scale. An employee who is paid well is more likely to put in more effort in the daily endeavors and tasks within the organization (Mankiw, Kneebone and McKenzie, Principles of Microeconomics). Compensation is directly proportional to the amount of effort an employee puts in their work. An employee who is paid well is more likely to have a balanced and healthy diet. This is because disposable income determines an employee’s expenditure limits. Therefore by paying workers better, the company reduces incidences of sick leaves, ensuring continual production. The better pay at Ford attracted high quality and even experienced employees. This availability of labor motivates the contracted employees to work at their optimal level as they can be easily replaced (Mankiw and Scarth, Macroeconomics : Canadian edition). This is known as adverse selection. In conclusion, by increasing employee compensation, Henry Ford strategically increased his production, output, sales and profits, while mitigating employee turnover. This concept is largely employed in the modern business world, where employees offer wages above the equilibrium